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By Designdialogues, on October 4th, 2011 What are the deep drivers of your problem system?
Social systems design for complex services
I’m holding a workshop this week on dialogic design at Oslo School of Architecture and Design. Their unique program in Systems-Oriented Design has a lot in common with OCADU Strategic Foresight and Innovation.
A workshop on dialogic design for complex systems and social systems methodologies.
There is an urgent need to wisely address complex social issues effectively and democratically. There is a social and educational need to improve design methods for social and systemic innovation.
There are underlying systemic forces that all social, business and policy innovation will deal with in a given horizon. We can develop sound understanding of these forces in scenarios and as interdependent problem systems through dialogic design practices. Systemic design methods provide capacity to mixed stakeholder groups and organizations for navigating complexity and identifying challenges with the highest leverage in a social system.
The methodological value of social systems design process is in identifying common drivers and influences underlying an interconnected problematique in complex systems (ecological and climate changes, economic change and credit, consumer demographics, re-localization vs globalization, political trends, energy policy and costs).
The social value of the process is in enabling designers, researchers, and our organizations effectively address urgent socially-relevant challenges by gaining experience and understanding of effective methods from the systems field.
We will co-create a research-based understanding of social design methods for systemic design, for global human and social concerns and industry sectors.
Learning Modes:
- Participatory workshop, Group discussion, Lecture and discussion
- Readings provided in advance of workshop.
- Online documentation: Brief concept summaries online, video and photo records of sessions
- Presentation files provided online after discussions.
Social Systems Design and Methods
Developing an understanding of social systems methods in services design and social innovation. Adapting dialogic design methods to social systems in the context of continuing projects.
Readings and Materials
The Global Sounding
Review of projects in terms of evolutionary criteria. Evaluation of the use and design of process.
Dialogic Design Methods
Design methodologies in social systems are presented , providing both a theoretical and practical basis to understand, intervene in, and design complex social systems. Design research methods, group facilitation, scenario creation, and influence mapping methods and approaches are covered and practiced over the series. These are explored as collaborative interdisciplinary methods of a systems design approach.
Creating a Problematique
The exercise creates a collective problematique, a global challenge map representing the critical shared concerns of a social system.
Construction of a Consensus Map
The Predicament of Mankind
Reconstructing the Global Problematique – Developing understanding of Ozbekhan’s Predicament of Mankind 40 years later. How is this re-envisioned today to identify and reclaim root causes points in the global problematique?
Workshop Readings
- Ackoff, R.L. (2004). Transforming the systems movement. Address at IFSR, May 26, 2004.
- Buchanan, Richard. (1992). Wicked Problems in Design Thinking. Design Issues, 8 (2), 5-21.
- Christakis, Alexander N. (2004). A Retrospective Structural Inquiry on the Problematique of the Club of Rome. Institute for 21st Century Global Agoras.
- Flanagan, TR and Bausch, K. (2011). A Democratic Approach to Sustainable Futures. Agoras Institute: Ongoing Emergence Press. Chapter 6 available as download.
- Gregory, Amanda. (2010). Systems thinking for strategic development. Proceedings of ISSS 2010, Waterloo, July 2010.
- Jones, PH. (2009). Learning the lessons of systems thinking: Exploring the gap between Thinking and Leadership. Integral Leadership Review, IX (4), August 2009. Also at: http://redesignresearch.com/dialogues/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/Lessons-from-Systems-Thinking.pdf
- Jones, PH, Christakis, AN., & Flanagan, TR. (2007). Dialogic design for the intelligent enterprise: Collaborative strategy, process, and action. In Proceedings of INCOSE 2007, San Diego, June 25-29.
- Loye, D. (2007). The Global Sounding. Carmel, CA: Benjamin Franklin Press.
- Ozbekhan, O. (1970.) The Predicament of Mankind. Club of Rome report.
- Ozbekhan, O. (1968). The Triumph of Technology: “Can Implies Ought”. King Resources report.
- Rittel, H. and Weber, M. (1973). Dilemmas in a General Theory of Planning. Policy Sciences, 4, 155-169.
- Warfield, J.N. and Perino, G.H. (1999). The problematique: Evolution of an idea. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 16, 221–226.
By Designdialogues, on September 17th, 2011 In Creation Myth, Malcolm Gladwell’s New Yorker article, we get an in-depth telling of the original story of how Steve Jobs gained access to Xerox PARC’s Alto project and re-engineered the concept for a mass market. The article doesn’t discuss the Mac, but instead the story of Xerox’s internal dynamics that led to major inventions in their mainstream product line.
Yes, Xerox could have created the most successful WIMP (Windows-Icons-Mouse-Pointers) personal computer from the Alto and Star.
“If Xerox had known what it had and had taken advantage of its real opportunities,” Jobs said, years later, “it could have been as big as I.B.M. plus Microsoft plus Xerox combined—and the largest high-technology company in the world.”
This is the legend of Xerox PARC. Jobs is the Biblical Jacob and Xerox is Esau, squandering his birthright for a pittance. In the past thirty years, the legend has been vindicated by history. Xerox, once the darling of the American high-technology community, slipped from its former dominance. Apple is now ascendant, and the demonstration in that room in Palo Alto has come to symbolize the vision and ruthlessness that separate true innovators from also-rans. As with all legends, however, the truth is a bit more complicated.
But really? There are many counterfactuals that do not work out. Had Xerox gone ahead with a computer line, they would have run smack into Apple’s rapidly moving marketing machine, as well as the powerful IBM PC. People do not remember now that the first Mac (and Lisa) had relatively poor penetration. Xerox would have split the cool early adopters with Apple. but businesses standardized on IBM and PC software almost exclusively.
Xerox was right to avoid the computer market themselves, but why didn’t they patent and license the hell out of the technologies they designed? They had working software and hardware! Xerox (indirectly) DID eventually sue Apple, but came way too late to the party (2007) for a 1991 filing, and the claims didn’t hold up.
There are so many other prevailing constraints involved with bringing innovations to market.Rather than counterfactuals for a given case (that is, what might have been possible), let’s consider real constraints that always exist for this class of decision.
- Path dependency is double-edged. Following a successful strategy to its conclusion guarantees a lessened capacity to invest in a competing strategy.
- More types of products are never a better strategy, for the market perception of a company and their capacity to execute.
- The business must have a platform for the sales and support of the new line.
- They must coordinate multiple product lines into a coherent brand and multi-year marketing strategy, or risk losing their venture to single-focused competitors.
- They must create an organization that doesn’t compete with the mainstream business lines.
- The brand rationale for the new product line must make sense to the customer (why IBM was so uncertain about the PC business and in the end, spun it off).
- And a large, successful firm’s values are never going to change toward embracing innovation in time to support the innovations that count. Values in-use take 3-5 years to change, with a desire and reason to change. Innovations are launched and buried before then.
The counter-examples you might cite will be exceptions that prove the rules. IBM is a good example, but they spent years of internal innovation to divest the “machines” side of the business to become a services company. Companies espouse innovation, but they love predictable market success. They usually are hoping for one big product improvement that sustains their position. But big innovation is an inside job – the firm must decide whether it can change its identity and its customers.
By Designdialogues, on September 6th, 2011 I often make a simple argument on behalf of the Windows (7) system, which I advocate as significantly more usable than the Mac OSX. And yes, I use both, regularly. I like the idea of just listing a number of operations the Mac does poorly, Dave Letterman style, from my own experience of working with both platforms in information product and everyday use.
Number 10. You cannot easily update the OSX operating system. Every bit of the process is locked down. We have a Macbook Pro with Snow Leopard on one partition, and it refuses to allow the installation of Leopard on the other partition. Locked out. Windows, I could install on that partition. But not another version of OSX?
Number 9. The non-standard video interfaces. WHICH Macbook dongle did you need? I teach at a design school – you need a collection of 5 dongles and 5 minutes for each Mac to get them to display on projectors.
Number 8. Flexible hardware interfaces. Its all locked down, again. No SD card. USB is fussy and slow. Having to eject everything you plug in.
When it was time to get a tablet, I skipped the iPad even though I have and like the iPhone. I bought an Android machine, the Toshiba Thrive – because I can buy a cheap 16G machine and add all kinds of external memory. There’s the HDMI, SD, and a great display. Oh yeah, its an Android.
Number 7. Flexible software interfaces and APIs. The whole Flash thing – really, does it always come down to a Steve Jobs Silicon Valley hater decision? Windows is seamless, plug and play.
Number 6. Installing new apps. Whats a DMG anyway and why does it stay on the desktop? Why the oddball arcane language? Even UNIX has simpler file names.
Number 5. The goddamn floating menu bar. Maybe its my Windows experience, but ALL the Mac applications require you to learn shortcuts to be proficient. Otherwise, its all menu bars, circa 1990.
Number 4. OK, Mac apps have a ribbon now, but only after Microsoft provided it. Its faster and easier than any menu bar. Its called Fitts Law, look it up.
Number 3. Lack of free software. I like experimenting with new software that I might or might not buy. Its not easy to do with Mac.
Number 2. The Dock. Doesn’t it get better than that? I must have 200 applications on my Windows machine. How would i organize those on the dock? Oh right, the Finder. Maybe that should be #1.
No, Number 1 is Error messages. You shouldn’t even need these error messages. Windows allows you to do almost anything you think you can do. Mac lets you get halfway into an operation, and then locks you out. “That’s not allowed.” Or my favorite, “Sorry, an error occurred.”
Mistakes were made. Mistakes in design, that is.

By Designdialogues, on August 12th, 2011 We often speak of social innovation as if we’re applying the principles of business and product innovation to a social product. However, there are significant differences in how we treat service markets and how we participate in communities where we (and participants) have a democratic stake. They are both social systems, but markets are organized around price and supply/demand signals. Social systems are organized around a shared meaning – at least normatively, if not typically in their design.
What we call social innovation is (historically) a new practice area, and the start of a very long term trend. Those working in the many areas of socially-desirable services and practices might recognize the breadth and diversity of the field, that so many types of service and innovation can be considered social innovation. I do have a real concern that social innovation is becoming as hyped as much as everything else touched by People with Jobs on the Internet. As with “Design” and the very word “social,” I believe societal participants must claim their ownership and responsibility for the long-term vision of social innovation. It is not something IDEO invented. In the late 1990′s Flores and Dreyfus described the relationships between entrepreneurship, leadership and social action (in Disclosing New Worlds). Their claim for the practice of “history-making” was based the skill of interpretive speaking in creating culture.
There’s a social innovation trend that gets no respect, perhaps because it has been the domain of hucksters and flawed human beings in the past. But as with all social systems, things are changing, and practices with a core of truth and meaning beg to find some form. We might call it spiritual innovation, an idealistic, far-reaching, non-outcome oriented creation of value. As my colleague (Agoras Institute board) Tom Flanagan posted recently:
The Tea Party in Madison, Wisconsin, the Tent Cities in Israel, the Riots in London …. Gandhi today might once again say “We caught the religious imagination of an angry people.” But who is the “we” this time around. Our religious institutions seem unprepared for this moment in history. What comes next?
Not what come next, but who? There was a time the Catholic Church weighed in against inhumane economic power and advocated for the poor. The Anglicans were much more more activist in the past. The Buddhist community was engaged in peace activism more during Vietnam than (at least visibly) now. Supposedly young activists are organizing using Twitter to demand democracy. When I use Twitter I find I’m guided by my own interests, and a bias toward instrumental outcome takes over. I AM on the computer after all, so don’t waste my time any more than it is!
Younger people (especially) continue to drop away from traditional religious institutions, finding forms and teachings perhaps irrelevant today. Yet leaders with spiritual intent of our memorable past invoked a global liberation that inspired – and led- lasting change in nations and people. MLK, Dorothy Day, Gandhi, the authorship of Thomas Merton. We think of them as activists, but first they were preachers, of sorts. They had something to say.
An now, are we all so wary of “being preachy” that peaceful and ethical voices for alternative action are being overlooked? Are voices in the wilderness ignored? Have we expanded collective “insight” to the point that true contrarian wisdom is just noise in the field of strong egotistic signals?
What would emerge if we collaborated with religious leaders and social activists to co-design a cooperative social system based on shared deep drivers of spiritual values?
I’m just asking at this point. I’m asking “What is a contrarian innovator?” A humane innovator? A spiritual innovator? Are there forms of strategic innovation we can pursue toward different ends than market or “social” success? What if the envisioned success of coordinated democratic innovation was a 50 year humanitarian mission? What if all the financing of action generated by invested institutions could not buy or intervene the humane innovation? What if we knew we were unstoppable?
What if the way we pursued strategy was more important to the outcome than the content and design of the strategy itself? What if the successful coordinated strategic action of an organization was the result of deeply embodying a visualized possibility and conversation for action? What if our organization was based on agreement, and not hire or barter of time for service?
Informed strategic action does not occur as a result of publishing a documented plan and motivating people to carry out the plan. Strategic leadership cultivates a shared philosophy among organizational members – it is not a project action plan. This may not yet be “true” in the sense of testing empirically – but it may be true to the experience of one’s success.
What if a postmodern, individualist view keeps us isolated from and defeats commitment?
What if an informed, shared strategic innovation was itself the creation of a damn good meta-narrative that stuck in people’s minds for a generation? Whose narrative would we trust? Can we create one together that together helps people thrive and build humane cultures as new social systems of trust, compassion, integrity, and mutual production?
By Designdialogues, on July 11th, 2011 Marshall would have loved it. Please celebrate McLuhan’s 100th birthday recognition around the city next week.
CONNECTING THE VISIBLE WITH THE INVISIBLE
McLuhan at 100: Programs from the CBC Archives at the Graham Spry Theatre, CBC, provides an introduction to Marshall McLuhan and the MLN Festival. This special program of rare archival films will be played continuously from July 4 to July 29.
Open to the public and free of charge, films can be viewed Monday to Friday from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. at CBC – 250 Front Street West, Toronto.
Subway passengers will be confronted by Underground Tarot, a series of clips that appear to be and blend with existing advertisement, while placing blame on everyone and no one – a careful strategy used by American ‘tactical media’ collective Critical Art Ensemble (CAE) for showing in a potentially censorious environment. Commissioned by Sharon Switzer, Digital Content and Programming Curator for Onestop Media Group, Underground Tarot will screen 3 times per 10 minute cycle, all day from July 15 to July 24 on the network of 300 Onestop LCD screens in 60 stations throughout the Toronto Transit
Commission subway system.
The inaugural MLN Festival programme is launched on Monday, July 18, 2011 with two events – McLuhan and Transparency: Perspectives on Technological Mediation and McLuhan 100’s Second Monday Night Seminar – Our City as Classroom.
McLuhan and Transparency: Perspectives on Technological Mediation, a media-philosophy workshop with Yoni Van Den Eede – Vrije Universiteit, Brussels and Robert K. Logan – OCAD University builds on the work of Marshall McLuhan to explore how technologies mediate our life and our world. This workshop will take place July 18 from 3:00 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. at the OCAD University’s Strategic Innovation Lab (sLab), located at 205 Richmond Street West, 4th floor. Doors open at 2:30 p.m.
Free, tickets at http://mcluhan-transparency.eventbrite.com
CBC Technology Writer Jesse Hirsh hosts McLuhan 100’s Second Monday Night Seminar. This is the first session of three on the theme of Our City as Classroom addressing, “What role did Toronto play in Marshall McLuhan’s understanding of media and how were we affected in return?” at the Toronto Reference Library, The Appel Salon from 7:00 p.m. – 8:30 p.m.
This event is part of McLuhan 100, a program that celebrates Marshall McLuhan and his legacy in collaboration with the City of Toronto and Mozilla, as part of a city-wide celebration during the centenary year of McLuhan’s birth. Tickets are free and available online at torontopubliclibrary.ca/appelsalon. Doors open at 6:30 p.m. for a reception. Cash bar available. For more information see www.mcluhan100.ca
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Re-visions by Peter Jones Design Dialogues invites you to examine ideas, new and old. Everything humanity creates is work-in-progress, and so is open to dialogue. Re-visions and re-views are welcome. Design Dialogues is for working out ideas, before they find their way into practice or in actual publications.
Innovators all face an urgent challenge to make the differences that must happen; there is no longer any status quo. Many of our trusted institutions & social contracts are now broken. Whether from fear or habit, our culture is not yet innovating democratically. We do not really know how to collaborate sufficiently to the task.
From healthcare to finance, politics to education, infrastructures & decision processes, we can & must reinvent our own futures. These social systems have evolved beyond their capacity to transform by management. Collaboration is insufficient - We truly need new ways of working, deciding, and organizing.
Of the many ways to collaborative intelligence, some demonstrably better than others. Dialogic design, based on systems thinking & design science, offers a validated way to create new understandings, design systemically, & act democratically on the deep drivers of a problem.
A community of practice meets for these dialogues in person every 2nd Wednesday in Toronto:

Art, science, and design are three ways of knowing, and in the field of action they inform each other. All modes must be recruited if we are to interfere & reinvent social systems. Your participation is required.
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